Arthritis is a common cause of mobility problems, and affects around 9 million people, of all ages in the UK. The word arthritis simply means a painful condition of the joints. The severity and type of symptoms vary greatly from patient to patient, but are typically characterized by aches and pains in joints, a general lack of mobility and fatigue within one or more joints. In fact in many cases the symptoms become so severe that the patient requires mobility aids such as stairlifts or mobility scooters to perform every day tasks.
There are over 200 different types of arthritis. Of these the two commonest types of arthritis are: 1) Osteoarthritis, 2) Rheumatoid Arthritis
What is Osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease of the joints in which the cartilage roughens, weakens and becomes brittle. The cartilage is a protective layer that surrounds the bones of joints protecting them from wear and tear. The bone often thickens and broadens, bony overgrowths (osteophytes) may also form around the joint – this is a typical symptom of osteoarthritis in the knuckles of the hand. In more severe cases the cartilage may completely wear away, or break off, exposing the two bones so they rub against each other. Osteoarthritis usually develops slowly over a period of many years.
What is Rheumatoid Arthritis? Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease in which the bodies own immune system attacks and damages the joints. The symptoms can develop very rapidly, or more commonly over a period of many months. The main characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis are a swelling around the joint and the joint tendon, the result being a stiff swollen joint with limited movement or mobility. With rheumatoid arthritis the disease doesn’t just affect joints but rather it may also affect internal organs and can leave the sufferer feeling tired and run down.
How is Arthritis treated? There is currently no cure for arthritis, however, your doctor will be able to prescribe medication to lessen the symptoms and reduce the inflammation. Non-Steriodal Anti Inflamatory Drugs (NSAIDs) can be taken to reduce the severity of inflammation. Analgesics can be administered to reduce the severity of pain. In cases where an important weight bearing joint (such as your knee or hip) becomes particularly severely affected surgery such as knee or hip replacement surgery may be considered.
If I have a joint replacement will I regain full mobility? Many people regain a high level of mobility following a joint replacement. However, following surgery most patients are advised to reduced weight baring on that joint for a set period of time afterwards – often for a period of months to allow proper recovery to take place. In these cases mobility aids like stairlifts or walking aids can be a good option to reduce the strain on the joint.
Will a healthy diet help? Yes a healthy well balanced diet will help to reduce the severity of symptoms. In particular fish rich in Omega-3 such as mackerel, salmon, sardines and herring are particularly good for reducing inflammation and keeping joints mobile. Many arthritis sufferers also take nutritional supplements which may help to reduce the severity of symptoms. The most popular supplements are listed below:
Chondroitin Sulfate - plays an important role in the formation of cartilage and helps to toughen up the cartilage protecting it aginst damage. It also helps to repair and maintain healthy cartilage, whilst helping to protect against the breakdown of cartilage tissue.
Evening Primrose Oil and Starflower (Borage) Oil – contains gamma linolenic acid (GLA) an important fatty acid that studies have shown to reduce the inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis
Fish Oils (cod liver oil, concentrated fish oil capsules) – concentrated fish oils rich in the important omega-3 fatty acid have been shown to impove the symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis by reduce inflammation, joint pain, stiffness and improving joint mobility.
Glucosamine – plays a role in the building and repair of cartilage and has been shown to increase the amount and severity of joint pain. Because glucosamine works by building new cartilage the positive results from this supplement may be felt for a while even if you stop taking the supplement
Are there any assistive devices for arthritis sufferers? There are a number of assistive devices available for people with arthritis including: stairlifts, mobility scooters, automatic jar openers, joint supports, bathing and dressing aids, door knob grips, key holders, and writing aids to name a few.